Planning obligations are legal obligations entered into to mitigate the impacts of a development proposal.
This can be via a planning agreement entered into under section 106 of the Town and Country Planning Act 1990 by a person with an interest in the land and the local planning authority; or via a unilateral undertaking entered into by a person with an interest in the land without the local planning authority.
Planning obligations run with the land, are legally binding and enforceable. A unilateral undertaking cannot bind the local planning authority because they are not party to it.
Planning obligations are also commonly referred to as ‘section 106’, ‘s106’, as well as ‘developer contributions’ when considered alongside highways contributions and the Community Infrastructure Levy.
Planning obligations assist in mitigating the impact of unacceptable development to make it acceptable in planning terms. Planning obligations may only constitute a reason for granting planning permission if they meet the tests that they are necessary to make the development acceptable in planning terms. They must be:
- necessary to make the development acceptable in planning terms;
- directly related to the development; and
- fairly and reasonably related in scale and kind to the development.
Each S106 agreement will be attached to a specific planning permission and can be searched here.
Examples of obligations that you would commonly see included in the S106 agreements:
- Affordable housing
- Open spaces and Green Areas
- Highways
- Education
- Health
- Fire hydrants
- Travel Plans
- High Street improvements
Planning Obligations Supplementary Planning Document (June 2012)
Important: Planning obligations are a land charge and on new developments the council will not act against individual house owners for unmet planning obligations.